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beenseensincethetimeoftheorgyofmanqq6467curio-huntingofAncientRome.Thissupremacy,deprivedofmanyofitsidiosyncrasies,temporarilycrossedtheChannelandwenttoEnglandaccompaniedbymanyofthetreasuresthatdealersandrefugeesmanagedtosavefromthecataclysmof1779.Napoleonmaybequotedasanexceptionalartcollector鈥攊feversuchanamecanbelongtoamanutterlydeprivedofasenseofartbutshrewdenoughtounderstandthemightysupportgiventosovereignsbyart鈥攆orintheprocessoftimethemanformedmorethanoneartcollectionbymethodsthatintheirdrasticcharactergreatlyresembledthoseadoptedbyRomangeneralsandproconsuls.Thisstatementiseloquentlysupportedbyfactsandnumbers.HereisalaconicwritingofNapoleoninwhichheinformstheDirectoryofhisfirstartistic鈥渇inds鈥?inItaly.Speakingofhisagents,hestates:鈥淭heyhavealreadyseized:fifteenpaintingsfromParma,twentymanqq6467fromModena,twenty-fivefromMilan,fortyfromBologna,tenfromFerrara.鈥?Thisis,ofcourse,hisfirstexperimentasanovicecollector.Otherthingsweretofollow,theMediciVenusfromFlorence,theRomanHorsesfromVenice,andallthebestworksofartfromtheItalianmuseums,andthesebutfostermore133eclecticdesiresinthisstrangeartlover,whowhilepreoccupiedwiththeproblemoftransportingheavystatuesfromRomeandharvestingantiquesandRenaissancework,indiscriminatelyorderstobetakentoFrancewiththeartisticbootythevotivepenthatJustusLipsiu#恚幔睿瘢瘢叮矗叮敷lefttothesanctuaryofLorettoandthevotiveimageleftbyMontaign#恚幔睿瘢瘢叮矗叮峰tothesamesanctuary.TheanecdoteofLuciusMummiusofignorantmemoryishererepeatedinaway,fortheofficialsactingunderNapoleon鈥檚ordershavenothingtosayaboutMontaigne鈥檚ex-voto,butwhenitcomestothepenofLipsiustheseworthiesgleefullyremark:鈥淟aplumedeJusteLipsequiavoit茅t茅estim茅ecinqhuiti猫mes,c鈥檈sttrouv茅epesersixhuiti猫mes鈥?(thepenofJusteLipsewhichwassupposedtoweighfive-eighths,hasbeenfoundtoweighsix-eighths).FromtheRevolutiontothetimeofNapoleon鈥檚dominionistheperiodinwhichthepassionforartcollectingisleastfelt.Faking,ofcourse,isanartthatdoesnotpayandthushasnoraisond鈥櫭猼re.Yetfakingpassesfromthefieldofarttothatofreallife,thenewRepublicapesRomancustoms.DavidtheartistisfakedintoaTribunewhilebusypaintingRomans。恚幔睿瘢瘢叮矗叮贰thatseemtohavebeenbroughtoutofahot-houseandhesketchessemi-RomancostumesforthenewofficialsoftheRepublic,garmentsthatwithallthefoppishnessofthe鈥渙ldregime鈥?hadRomanConsularswords,Imperialchlamys(mantle),fakedbuskinsorornamentedcothurnus(bootswornbytragedians).Itisthisfakingoflifethatfeelstheneedeventoalterthecalendar,changingtheRomanetymologyofthenamesofthemonthsintomoreresoundingLatinesqueappellations.Athomeinthisstageddramaoflife,Napoleon,thefriendofTalmaandDavid,continuesthegrandiosefakingwithasortofcomplexetiquetteandaveneerofaristocracy,whichmakesonesadlythinkofthetruthofthewordspronouncedbyCourieronGeneralBonaparte鈥檚elevationtothethrone:Heaspirestodescend.Yeteveninthispeculiarandrathernegativeworldthechronicleofthecurieuxmaycontainsomegloriousnames,andthesenodoubtpreparedatthebeginningofthenineteenth134centurythereturnofthecultofartinFrance,thereappearanceofdevotedcollectorsandenlightenedamateurs.WemaythennamesuccessivelyartloversandintelligentcollectorssuchasLenoir,DuSommervilleandSauvageot,RevoilWillemin.Andafterthemartists,collectorsanddealersofthecalibreofMlle.Delaunay,Escudier,Montfort,Roussel,Beurdeley,HenryGrandjean,Mannheim,thefirstofadynastyofhonestandintelligentdealers;thenalmostinourowntimesBaronDavilliers,Bonnaff茅,EmilePeyreandothers.ButartcollectingisnownolongeranaccentuatedcharacteristicofFrancenorofEngland,GermanyandotherEuropeancountrieswhichhaveatraditionandhavecometothefore,butothernewandpowerfulStateshavejoinedthecontest,castnewtypesofcollectorsandcreatedanewpsychologyintheartworldwhichwillformthesecondpartofthisbook. PartIITHECOLLECTORANDTHEFAKERCHAPTERXIIICOLLECTORSANDCOLLECTIONS Collectorsandcollections鈥擵ariouskinds鈥擬eaningofthewordcurieux鈥擵arioustypesofcollectors:theartist,thescholar,theeclecticandthespecialist鈥擜largeclassofcollectorsasdefinedbyLaBruy猫re鈥擳heultra-moderncollector鈥擳heartandcuriomarket鈥擳hethreestagesofthecollector鈥檚career鈥擳hecollector鈥檚touch鈥擳heelasticityofpricesandanopinionofC.T.Yerkes鈥擥ersaint鈥檚adviceandSchlegel鈥檚opinion鈥擜Latinsayingre-editedbyEdmondBonnaff茅.鈥淟acollectionc鈥檈stl鈥檋omme,鈥?aw
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